Conceptual Physical Science (6th Edition)

Chapter 21

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Due to gravity, heavier elements moved to the ... more

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One third of the Earth is composed of iron and ... more

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No. ; Minerals are naturally formed, whereas ... more

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No. ; Obsidian is formed in volcanoes, and it is ... more

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Well-shaped crystals are very rare and hard to ... more

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A crystal has a crystalline structure, and it's ... more

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Fluorite scratches calcite. ; Since fluorite is ... more

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Muscovite has a layered structure, and the bond ... more

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Pyroxene. ; When magma cools down, olivine takes ... more

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Consider melting point to be equivalent to ... more

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Evaporites. ; When the water of a sea or salty ... more

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Mineral with low solubility crystallizes first ... more

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of Earth's surface is covered with ocean water, ... more

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When magma comes in contact with silica-rich ... more

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Chemical. ; Mostly water in the liquid and vapor ... more

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Coals are composed of organic matter, whereas ... more

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Chemical sedimentary rock. ; The organic matter ... more

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No. ; Recrystallization occurs inside a rock when ... more

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When the rock melts. ; Under high temperatures, a ... more

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When exposed to high temperature and pressure. ; ... more

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Heavier elements move to the center of the Earth ... more

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Impact heating, gravitational contraction heating... more

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Iron. ; of Earth  is composed of iron. The ... more

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Oxygen.Silicon. ; Due to gravity, heavier elements... more

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A mineral is a naturally found inorganic solid, ... more

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The term inorganic means minerals are not made ... more

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The physical properties of minerals are crystal ... more

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Well-shaped crystals are very rare and difficult ... more

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Two or more minerals contain the same elements in ... more

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The chemical composition of silicate mineral ... more

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Silicates that are containing iron or magnesium ... more

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Feldspar.Quartz. ; The most abundant mineral ... more

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Crystallization is a process where a crystalline ... more

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Magma and water solutions. ; In crystallization, ... more

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Lowest amount of silica. ; When magma cools down, ... more

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Evaporites. ; When water from a water body such as... more

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Igneous rocks form when magma cools down.... more

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Basalt, granite and andesite.Found on the surface ... more

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The partial melting of rocks resulting to form the... more

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The magma contains more silica. ; When a rock is ... more

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Temperature, pressure, water content and mineral ... more

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Increase with depth. ; Temperature increases with ... more

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In weathering, decomposition or disintegration of ... more

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The sedimentary rocks, which are composed of small... more

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Shale, sandstone and conglomerate. ; Clastic ... more

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Limestone. ; Limestone is the most abundant ... more

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of the limestone rocks formed due to the marine ... more

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The physical and chemical changes occurring in ... more

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When a rock is exposed to high pressure, minerals ... more

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Muscovite and chlorite. ; When magma intrudes on a... more

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Yes.Heavier materials settle at the bottom of the ... more

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Rock candy is made from organic sugar, so rock ... more

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Yes, due to the cleavage property of salt, it ... more

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10No. ; The mass difference can be felt by holding... more

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. ; Density () of a substance with mass () and ... more

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Due to collision, heat is released and called ... more

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Diamond is the hardest mineral as the small carbon... more

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Basaltic magma contains of silica, and when it ... more

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The metamorphic rock slate is the lowest grade and... more

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The hardness of a mineral highly depends on the ... more

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Diamond can scratch any other mineral as it is the... more

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Silicates are those minerals that contain both the... more

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As the magma cools down, the first mineral that ... more

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The mineral containing the highest amount of ... more

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In weathering, decomposition or disintegration of ... more

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Earth's core contains the highly-dense element ... more

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Polymorphs. ; Two or more minerals are called ... more

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Ionic charge, atom or ion size, and packing. ; The... more

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As most of the minerals are colorless. ; Some of ... more

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Hardness. ; Diamond is the hardest mineral known ... more

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Gold atoms are large and loosely bonded, whereas ... more

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Quartz will float.Chromite will sink. ; Assume ... more

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No.The crystal form is the symmetry of the crystal... more

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The same mineral in different samples can have ... more

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Minerals are classified based on their chemical ... more

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No, silicon is found in the form of silica and not... more

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Quartz and Feldspar. ; Silicate minerals make up ... more

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Oxides and Sulfides. ; Hematite and magnetite are ... more

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Silicates that are containing iron or magnesium ... more

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A mineral that is rich in useful and valuable ... more

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Mineral containing silica. ; The mineral ... more

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Mineral containing silica. ; The mineral ... more

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Mineral containing silica. ; As the magma cools ... more

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Mineral containing silica. ; As the magma cools ... more

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As minerals containing a high amount of silica, it... more

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Olivine. ; Quartz is pure silica, whereas olivine ... more

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Yes. ; The mineral containing the highest amount ... more

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The percentage of silica content in the rock. ; ... more

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Quartz. ; Quartz is pure silica, whereas pyroxene ... more

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As halite has higher solubility and dissolves more... more

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No, the inner core of the earth has melted iron, ... more

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On the continental crust, granite is the most ... more

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Igneous rock. ; A Hawaiian island is formed due to... more

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As the magma cools down, various types of igneous ... more

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Yes, as other minerals crystallize, magma is ... more

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Rock melts and forms magma. ; Rocks melt to form ... more

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Mauna Loa in Hawaii. ; Molten magma flowing on the... more

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Yes, as of the limestone rocks formed due to the ... more

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Sand particles are mostly transported flowing ... more

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The size of the rocks. ; Sedimentary rocks are ... more

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The rocks are small, easily split, and are flaky... more

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Halite, due to its high solubility in water. ; ... more

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Compaction and Cementation. ; Sediments are made ... more

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Conglomerate rocks are made from high-energy ... more

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Shale and coal. ; Shale forms in layers due to the... more

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Remains of ancient organic life forms are known as... more

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Mechanical.Chemical. ; When a rock is broken up ... more

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Yes. ; Metamorphic rocks form under extremely high... more

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High temperature and water content are ... more

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Re-crystallisation and mechanical deformation. ; ... more

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Fire-resistant, mold-resistant, and low water ... more

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Muscovite and Biotite. ; Muscovite and biotite are... more

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Sedimentary layering develops because of the ... more

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Metamorphism is caused by the high pressure and ... more

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Marble and quartzite are nonfoliated rocks, but ... more

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Schist is a metamorphic rock, but granite is a ... more

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Schist is a layered rock that reflects light with ... more

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Sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks are made ... more

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The minerals found in rocks are crystalline solids... more

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The volcanic glass obsidian is not a crystalline ... more

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The pressure on the rock and its composition can ... more

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Petroleum is generally found under sedimentary ... more

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The oil spillage can be avoided by taking the ... more

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Oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth's... more

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Magma generation takes place because of the ... more

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While in the molten state, the Earth arranged its ... more

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Minerals containing high silica content tend to ... more

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The water content decreases with an increasing ... more

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Sedimentary particles are of irregular shape ... more

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The folds occur because of compressional forces, ... more

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Lava is created by melted rocks and not by the ... more

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The geometry of atomic packing of a mineral ... more

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Fossils present in a rock give an idea about the ... more

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